Three-way valve



(Eo Model.) I zsnets-sheet 1. B. FITTS.

TEEEE WAY VALVE. A Pa. ented Feb.'20,.1883. n

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B. FIT-TS.

f THREE WAY VALV-E.

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N. PETERS. muh-:m .Washington D. C.

v UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BENAIAH FITTS, OFV WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

TH Ree-WAY VALVE.

SPECIFICATION-forming part of Letters Patent lvm-272,421, dated February 20, 1883.

Application letl September 18, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom @t may concern:

Be it known that I, BENAIAH FIT'rs, a citizen ot' the United States, residing at Worcester, in the county of Worcester and State, oi' Massachusetts, have invented certain new and uselul Improvements in Three-Way Valves;`

and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference beinghad to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon,\vhich t'orm a part of this specication.

rIhis invention relates to valves for use in hydraulic hoists and for other purposes; and it consists in the peculiar construction and arrangement of the valve and ports, as hereinafter explained.

The drawings accompanying.,t this specification represent in Figures 1 and 2 vertical sections oia cock orvalve containing my improvements. Figs. 3 and 4 are longitudinal sections ofthe same. Fig. 5 is a plan of the valve-seat. Figs. 6 and 7 are side views of the valve, and Fig. S an end view ot' the latter. Fig. 9 is a side view of the valve, showing the rocking yoke for shitting the valve. Fig. 10 is a view ot' such yoke, these two latter igures being in a reduced scale from the others.

In the above-named drawings,.A represents the case of the valve, which is practically spherical in exterior form. the inlet-port of such case` being shown at B, and the outlet or discharge ports at C D, respectively, the first being situated (as the valve is shownin the drawings) at the-top ofthe case A and the two latter at opposite ends thereof. The valve E is an inverted conic frustum, formed upon the upper end oi' an axial stem, F,`and tilling'a corresponding valve-chamber, Gr, formed cen` trally in the case A, the annular valvescat of such chamber'being shown at H. The outlet 0 makes exit from the valve-chamber by two diametrically-opposite ports. I I leading from thelatter, the port I bein g opposite such outlet, these ports I I being continued into a chamber or passage, J, occupying the entire lower part of the case A, with the exception of the tubular bearin gK thereof, which guides the valve-stem, the said ports I I and passage J being shut out from communication with the outlet D by a wall, L, cast in the substance of the valve-case. The outletD makes exit from the valve-chamber G by two diametrically-opposite ports, N N', which uniteiu a U-shaped passage, O, occufiying a part of the upper portion of the valvecase, above the passage J, before named, the

-said ports N N and passage O being shut oli' from the said passage J and outlet C by walls P P, cast in the substance of the valve-case,

as seen in Fig. 3. The center of each port N N' is separated from that of each port I I' a distance of about sixty degrees ot' a circle, the partition P', dividing the ports, being a comparatively narrow one. The valve E is formed with two diaxnetrically-opposite ports or passages, a c', leading from its periphery upward through it and communicating with the main inlet B, these ports or passages a a being prac A.tically of equal area with the ports I l', be-

fore named, and adapted to operate with both thelattersimultaneously. Moreover,thevalve E is formed with two diametrically-opposite cells, b b', which are practically ot equal length with the ports a et', but ot' a width sufficient to cover both sets of ports, or nearly so, said cells being intermediate between the ports. When the ports or passages aa of the valve are turned to communicate with the ports I ll of the valve chamber and with the passage J, which opens into the outlet C, fluid tlows from the inlet B through such ports a c into said passage J, and is discharged at the outlet C, the pockets b b of the valve being at this time closed by the solid portion of the valve-seat. This constitutes one extreme position of the valve. In

f the other extreme position of thevalve its ports a a. stand at right angles to the axis of the case A. Vhen the val ve is turned to the latter position, its ports a a are closed by the solid portion of the valve-seat, so that no iiuid can pass such ports from the inlet B, and at the same time its cells or recesses b b open communication between the outlet G and the chamber J b v the ports I N and I N', and permit the tluid which escaped by the outlet/O to return thereby to the chamber O O by way of said ports N Nl and escape at the outlet D. For instance, when the valve is employed with hydraulic hoists, it is placed in the conduit connecting the street-main or other water-supply under pressu re, by which the elevatoris operated, and when the valve E is turned to the first-named position the ports I I open communication between the inlet B, chamber J', and outlet C, and Wnter from the streetmaiu 'flows from such outlet to raise the elevator-car. When the elevator-car is to descend the valveis turned toits other extreme, iu which case its solid portion, :1s before stated, closes the ports I I against the inlet B and shuts off the streetmaiu, while its cells b b open communication between the outlet C and chamber O 0 by way of the ports I P and I P', and the fluid escaping by way of the outlet' D permits the car to descend.

This valve is incidentally capable of another operatiou-that is, of performing the functions of an ordina-ry two-way cock, into which it may be converted by simply turning the valve E to a point intermediate between the two extremes before noted-iu other words, so that its pas sages or ports a o' shall communicate with the ports N N. In this case fluid from the inlet B flows through the ports et a! ot' the vulve and the ports N N in the valve-seat and thence into the chamber O O and escapes by thc out let l).

To support the entire valve in position rods c c may be employed, secured at one end to the valvecase, upon opposite sides ot" the valve stem F, as shown in Figs. 9 and 10 of the drawings, and at the other to any suitable part of the structure containing or surrounding the valve.

The valve is rocked in its hearings by suitable mechanism connected with its stem F, and to determine the extent of rocking or semi-rotary movements of such valve o two-armed yoke, d, may be employed, keyed to the valvestem and with its slotted urine. e e strnddliug the rods c o.,

I claim- A valve constructed as herein described-- that is, composed of the case A, with its inlet B, outlets C D, valve-seat H, chambers or pas sages J 0 0, ports I I and. NN', and the valve E, With its ports or passages a {cf-'and its cells b b', the ports c c operating with the ports I l only to permit ot passage of fluid. from the inlet B to the outlet (l, while the cells b b operate to open communication between the said outlets U and D and chambers J and O O b v way of the ports I N and I N', all substantially as and for purposes stated. l

In testimony whereot'l aix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

BENAIAII FITTS. Witnesses:

H. E. Lopen, F. CURTIS. 

